УДК 303.01

Development of a history lesson plan based on the game method

Садыкова Айгул Маратовна – доктор философии (PhD) по истории, ассоциированный профессор Высшей школы гуманитарных наук Павлодарского педагогического университета имени А. Маргулана (Республика Казахстан).

Тохметова Гульнар Масеновна – преподаватель-эксперт Высшей школы гуманитарных наук Павлодарского педагогического университета имени А. Маргулана (Республика Казахстан).

Abstract: The article is devoted to the role of the game method in teaching schoolchildren, the authors also considered the issue of developing a history lesson plan based on the game method. The goal is to provide methodological assistance to young teachers in teaching history. The methods used are analysis, synthesis, systematization.

Аннотация: Статья посвящена роли игрового метода в обучении школьников, также авторами рассмотрен вопрос разработки плана урока по истории основанного на игровом методе. Цель – методическая помощь молодым учителям в преподавании истории. Использованные методы – анализ, синтез, систематизация.

Keywords: methods of teaching history, game method, educational games, lesson plan, education.

Ключевые слова: методика преподавания истории, игровой метод, учебные игры, план урока, обучение.

Today, the world is rapidly undergoing many changes in the economic, social and political spheres, and our country is not left out of these processes. In order to take steps in line with the Times, adapt to different conditions of life and work in the context of globalization, and train a specialist in demand in the educational market, it is necessary to pay attention to the proper development of students ' creative, logical thinking within the walls of the school. From this point of view, game learning technologies have a positive impact on the development of cognitive activity and creative thinking of students. The game contributes to the comprehensive and deep learning of students, intellectual development. Also, the game develops thinking, attention and imagination. The use of the game method in history lessons activates active memory of historical material and interest in the subject. Games can be used when mastering a new topic, as well as in the process of retelling the material. In the process of teaching history, you can use the following types of games.

Lesson type: summary lesson

Method: game

Game type: connoisseurs of the history of Kazakhstan

The purpose of the event: to consolidate students 'knowledge about the socio-economic, political and cultural development of Kazakhstan in the 18th century, to test students' knowledge, to develop group game skills.

The Class is divided into 2 groups, in each group the children choose the head of the group. The leaders of the group approach the teacher's desk and choose the number that the group will work on during the lesson. The team that completes the task before the allotted time expires receives additional points. Children should carefully monitor the answers of classmates, opposing teams, as the team receives additional points for a good addition or correction of errors.

The jury sets the points for each competition in a special table, which is hung on the board.

1-competition. Know the dates

The teacher shows cards with the main dates. The team that correctly named the date gets 1 point. Points for the course of the competition are entered in the table: 60s of the 19th century; 1735; 150 years; 17th century; 40s of the 17th century; 1710, 1715, 1718, 1719; 20s of the 18th century; 1710; 1711; 1712; 1718 Аyagoz River; 1722; 1723-1727;1725 ˂…>.

Correct answers:

60s of the 19th century – the accession of Kazakhstan to Russia during this period later, the process of accession its territories was completed.

1735 – the foundation of the city of Orenburg.

150 years – the process of joining Kazakhstan to Russia at this time continued.

17th century – during this period, the Dzungarian Khanate threatened Kazakhstan.

40s of the 17th century – during this period, destructive attacks by Kalmyk troops became more frequent and turned into conflicts of a violent nature.

1710, 1715, 1718, 1719 – the campaigns of the Dzungarian troops took place and showed the harmfulness of the tribal and internal feudal divisions in the face of the growing threat.

20s of the 18th century – during these years, the Joint squads of the three Kazakh zhuz were led by the commander-ruler of the small zhuz Khan Abulkhair.

1710 – in the summer of this year, it was decided to create a United Kazakh army led by the famous people's hero Bogenbay near Karakum.

1711 – for the first time, the Kazakhs were able to adequately repel the dzungars.

1712 – Kazakh troops invade the territory of Dzungaria.

1718 Ayagoz River – the Battle of the famous batyrs Bogenbai and Kabanbai, but this did not correct the difficult situation of the Middle zhuz due to the fact that Abulkair and Kayyp conducted military operations without agreement.

1722 – after the death of Qin bogdykhany Kangxi, some peace is established on the border with China.

1723-1727 – "Aktaban shubyryndy, Alakol sulama".

1725 – the dzungars capture the cities of Tashkent and Turkestan. ˂…> [1, p. 32].

2-competition. Knowledge of historical figures and cultural figures

The maximum price is 6 points. 5 minutes are given to prepare. The teams are given cards with tasks.

Group 1: Tattykara, Abylai Khan.

Group 2: Abylkair, Syrym Datuly.

Group 3: Bukhar Kalkamanovich, Tsevan Rabdan ˂…>.

Answers:

Group card number 1

Tattykara. In the second half of the 18th century, there was a flourishing of Tattykara creativity, which was very popular at that time. He sang the exploits of the legendary fighters for the freedom of the Fatherland. Coming from a poor family, he was close to many prominent representatives of the Genghis of his time. Participant of a number of events of his era. Tattikara was revered by the Kazakh people. Thanks to the poetic heritage of Tattikara, we know how Abylai batyr accepted the death of Bogenbay. In the poet's mourning for the death of the legendary hero, there is a lot of truthful information about the personality, life, actions of Abylai and his companion – the brilliant batyr Bogenbai. Tattikara was close to Abylai, took an active part in many events in the Middle zhuz.

Group card number 2

Abulkhair Khan. Khan of the younger zhuz, in the 20s of the 17th century – the leader of the national liberation movement of the Kazakhs. Subsequently, he initiated the accession of Kazakhstan to Russia. In 1729, Tole bi, Kazybek bi, Aiteke bi gathered warriors of all three zhuzs and formed a people's squad. Initially, the army of the three zhuz was headed by Khan Abylkair of the younger zhuz, known as an experienced military leader, at the head of the detachments were heroes Kanzhygaly Bogenbay, Karakerei Kabanbay, Shakshakuly Zhanibek and others. The Kazakh steppe has never expelled so many knights – heroes from its tribe to defend its independence before. In the same year, the last battle took place on the southern slope of Mount Kordai. Kazakh troops defeated dzungar. The gorge, where the invaders were destroyed and, according to legend, their "heartfelt cry" was heard, has since been called Anirakai, that is, "scream". After the victory over the dzungarians, instead of further successful development, some Sultans began a war among themselves [2, p. 32]. In 1730, the Khan of the younger zhuz, Abulkhair, sent an embassy to Russia. In the same year, a delegation from St. Petersburg arrived to accept the younger zhuz as part of Russia. Turning to the Russian government, Abulkhair hoped to suspend the attacks on the Lands of the small zhuz by Russian subjects – Volga Kalmyks and Bashkirs – and thus protect the northwestern border of Kazakhstan from neighbors. There were also reasons for the personal interest of the ruler of the small zhuz to accept Russian citizenship. Abulkhair turned to Russia, seeking to oust his opponents from the political arena, weaken and rise above other Genghis descendants, relying on Russia. The main task of the younger zhuz Khan was to establish trusting relations with neighboring Russia and organize all efforts to fight the Dzungarian invasion. Abulkhair's appeal was also related to economic issues.

Syrym Datuly. It was one of the authoritative leaders of the Kazakh people at the end of the 18th century. He is also known as a brilliant orator. In the last quarter of the 18th century, he led the national liberation uprising of the small zhuz Kazakhs. A participant in the Pugachev Uprising, a brilliant orator, his voice was heard by the small zhuz Kazakhs from the Volga coast to the Aral Sea. In fact, the uprising began in 1778 - in one of the armed clashes with the Cossack detachments, the children of Syrym Datuly died. Given the inconvenience of the situation, Syrym considered the open confrontation with the Tsarist government premature. He believed that an end to the displacement of Kazakhs from tribal migration lands could be achieved by persuasion.

Group card number 3

Bukhar zhyrau Kalkamanuly. One of the prominent representatives of Kazakh literature of the 18th century, the son of Kalkaman batyr. Coming from a poor Kazakh family in dire need, he climbed the high steps of the poetic Olympus. The last years of his life were friends with Abylai Khan, who heeded his advice and fell under the influence of the old sage. Bukhar zhyrau left a significant poetic legacy, filled mainly with historical and philosophical content. Several of his works are full of lyrics. The poetic legacy of Bukhar zhyrau Kalkamanuly realistically reproduces some events of the political history of the Kazakh statehood. It is very valuable for us that his political paths are confirmed by many facts of the last years of Abylai's life.

Tsevan Rabdan. The devastating attacks of the oirat troops took on the character of a constant confrontation with the accession of Tsevan Rabdan to the Dzungarian throne at the end of the 17th century. The first major foreign policy act was the resumption of the bloody war of the Kazakh Khanate. During the reign of Tsevan Rabdan, "Aktaban shubyryndy, Alkakol sulama" began, these years led to suffering, hunger, the destruction of material values, caused irreparable damage to the development of productive forces – 6 thousand men and women, as well as children, were exiled to captivity ˂…> [3, p. 12].

In conclusion, the game form of the lesson is developed in the lesson using game methods and conditions that act as a means of stimulating, stimulating students to educational activities. The place and role of Game Technology in the educational process, the combination of game and educational elements largely depends on the teacher's understanding of functions and the classification of pedagogical games. The experience of organizing games allows you to determine the gradual development of creative initiative in the game activities of students.

References

1. Bikmullina G.R. Connoisseurs of the history of Kazakhstan // History of Kazakhstan. № 6. 2007. P. 28-37 (In Russian).
2. Tokhmetova G.M. Methodical manual "Game forms of teaching as a means of activation of cognitive activity at the lessons of history of Kazakhstan". To the study of the discipline "Methods of teaching history". Pavlodar, 2009. 41 p. (In Russian).
3. Borzova P.L. Games in history lessons. Moscow: Vlados-Press, 2001. 178 p. (In Russian).