УДК 004.9:658.310.07
Безруков Сергей Юрьевич – студент Тихоокеанского государственного университета.
Уманец Ирина Фаритовна – кандидат социологических наук, доцент Тихоокеанского государственного университета.
Аннотация: В статье рассматриваются современные методики построения информационных систем (ИС) предприятия и их интеграция в качестве средства оптимизации функционирования внутренних процессов и коммуникаций. Информационная система выступает как ядро внутренних и внешних процессов, повышающее эффективность деятельности предприятий. Рассмотрение методик построения ИС позволит определить их значимость и значение в структуре предприятия.
Abstract: The paper deals with the modern methods of establishing the information systems (IS) of an enterprise and their integration as a means of optimizing the functioning of internal processes and communications. The information system acts as the core of internal and external processes that increase the efficiency of enterprises. Consideration of the methods for establishing IS will determine their importance and significance in the structure of the enterprise.
Ключевые слова: информационные системы, методика, предприятие, управление, интеграция.
Keywords: information systems, methodology, enterprise, management, integration.
An enterprise information system (ISP) is any type of information system that improves the functions of an enterprise's business processes through integration. This usually means offering a high quality of service, working with large amounts of data, and ability to support some large and possibly complex organizations or businesses. All the parts and at all levels of the enterprise can use the ISP.
The enterprise’s information systems have both operational (transaction processing) and informational (storage, data retrieval, and reporting) goals.
In contrast to the previous planning approaches that used to be usually appropriate for the individual applications or business functions, the information agenda should provide a comprehensive overview of the information needed to include the entire value chain. It should include new technologies, an ever-growing portfolio of business needs, and the impact of new channels (such as social networks or blogs). The information program must also take into account the significant investment and the cost associated with the existing systems. The challenge is how to combine the existing information environment with new and evolving technologies and processes to create a flexible framework for the future. New information management techniques, such as master data management (MDM), information services in a service-oriented architecture (SOA) environment, and cloud computing, provide opportunities for further facilitating both the breadth and depth of capabilities required for a true enterprise information architecture.
The information agenda should include a strategic vision and roadmap for the organizations:
- Create and deploy an enterprise information architecture that meets the current and future needs.
The information system is becoming a Central forum where business and it leaders begin to seriously consider their information environment. This allows the management to start formulating a common vision, develop a comprehensive corporate information strategy, and ultimately develop the detailed plans and roadmaps needed to deliver the significant business value through real optimizing the use and power of the corporate information.
The key to creating a successful corporate information strategy is to match it exactly to your business strategy. However, the development process is often just as important as the strategy it develops. This process allows business leaders to review, evaluate, coordinate, prioritize, and agree on an information vision and a corresponding roadmap. It should encourage business leaders to actively build consensus, sponsor strategy, and manage their organizations accordingly. This includes "setting an example" and, in some cases, delaying projects that benefit managers ' own functions and departments in order to speed up the implementation of the others that are in the Corporation's best interests. To this end, one should be very careful when defining the approach to strategy development and ensuring that the right decision-makers are involved in its development and implementation.
The Systems vary in size and technological complexity, as well as in the organizational tasks they tend to solve. To address these differences, a number of approaches to establishing the systems have been developed. There are several methods for establishing an enterprise IP: the life cycle of traditional systems, prototyping, end-user development, application software packages, and outsourcing.
Thus, from the very beginning, the management and business management must develop a comprehensive shared vision for their corporate information environment. This vision describes a long-term, achievable environment of the future, documents the benefits and opportunities from a business perspective, and shows the methods of collecting and using the information by the enterprise. This vision should be based on and aligned with the business strategy. In this sense, the information vision never develops independently, but always has links with the business strategy through its goals and the performance indicators. It includes operational, analytical, planning, and contextual information and designs to benefit almost everyone in the enterprise, from the top management to the line employees and from the automated systems to the end customers and suppliers. The alignment and display of business metadata and technical metadata, which is a key aspect of an enterprise's information architecture, provides this relationship between the information vision and the business strategy.
References